How to Harmonize a Melody with Chords

Learn how to choose chords that support and enhance a melody — chord-melody relationships, the I-IV-V framework, and how to avoid chord-melody clashes.

Start with the Melody Notes

The simplest rule: look at the melody note on each strong beat. That note is usually a chord tone (root, 3rd, or 5th) of the chord you should use. If the melody note is C, possible chords include C major (root), F major (5th), or Am (3rd).

The I-IV-V Framework

For simple melodies, the I, IV and V chords cover most situations. In C major: C (I), F (IV), G (V). Start with these three and add ii (Dm) and vi (Am) for variety. You can harmonize hundreds of songs with just these 5 chords.

Avoiding Clashes

Don't place a melody note that is the 4th or major 7th of the chord on a strong beat without preparation — these intervals create harsh dissonance against the underlying harmony.